LAWS OF KENYA THE CONSTITUTION OF KENYA Revised and published by the National Council for Law Reporting with the authority of the Attorney-General as gazetted by the Government Printer www.kenyalaw.org Kenya Constitution of Kenya Legislation as at 3 September 2010                         By Kenya Law and Laws.Africa. Share widely and freely. www.kenyalaw.org | info@kenyalaw.org FRBR URI: /akn/ke/act/2010/constitution/eng@2010-09-03 There is no copyright on the legislative content of this document. This PDF copy is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial ShareAlike 4.0 License ( CC BY-NC- SA 4.0). This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. If you remix, adapt, or build upon the material, you must license the modified material under identical terms. CC BY-NC-SA includes the following elements: •BY: credit must be given to the creator. •NC: Only noncommercial uses of the work are permitted. •SA: Adaptations must be shared under the same terms. Share widely and freely. Constitution of Kenya Contents

Chapter ONE – SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE AND SUPREMACY OF THIS CONSTITUTION ................................................. <>1 1. Sovereignty of the people .................................................................................................................................................................... <>1 2. Supremacy of this Constitution .......................................................................................................................................................... <>2 3. Defence of this Constitution ................................................................................................................................................................ <>2 Chapter Two – THE REPUBLIC ....................................................................................................................................................................... <>2 4. Declaration of the Republic ................................................................................................................................................................. <>2 5. Territory of Kenya ..................................................................................................................................................................................... <>2 6. Devolution and access to services ..................................................................................................................................................... <>2 7. National, official and other languages ............................................................................................................................................. <>2 8. State and religion .................................................................................................................................................................................... <>3 9. National symbols and national days <>................................................................................................................................................ <>3 10. National values and principles of governance ........................................................................................................................... <>3 11. Culture ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... <>3 Chapter Three – CITIZENSHIP ........................................................................................................................................................................ <>4 12. Entitlements of citizens ...................................................................................................................................................................... <>4 13. Retention and acquisition of citizenship ...................................................................................................................................... <>4 14. Citizenship by birth .............................................................................................................................................................................. <>4 15. Citizenship by registration ................................................................................................................................................................. <>5 16. Dual citizenship ...................................................................................................................................................................................... <>5 17. Revocation of citizenship .................................................................................................................................................................... <>5

18. Legislation on citizenship ................................................................................................................................................................... <>5 Chapter Four – THE BILL OF RIGHTS ......................................................................................................................................................... <>6 Part 1 – General Provisions to the Bill of Rights ............................................................................................................................. <>619. Rights and fundamental freedoms .......................................................................................................................................... <>6 20. Application of Bill of Rights ....................................................................................................................................................... <>6 21. Implementation of rights and fundamental freedoms ..................................................................................................... <>7 22. Enforcement of Bill of Rights .................................................................................................................................................... <>7 23. Authority of courts to uphold and enforce the Bill of Rights ........................................................................................ <>8 24. Limitation of rights and fundamental freedoms ................................................................................................................. <>8 25. Fundamental Rights and freedoms that may not be limited ......................................................................................... <>9 Part 2 – Rights and fundamental freedoms ....................................................................................................................................... <>9 26. Right to life ...................................................................................................................................................................................... <>9 27. Equality and freedom from discrimination ............................................................................................................................ <>9 28. Human dignity <>............................................................................................................................................................................... <>10 29. Freedom and security of the person .................................................................................................................................... <>10

30. Slavery, servitude and forced labour .................................................................................................................................... <>10 31. Privacy .............................................................................................................................................................................................. <>10 32. Freedom of conscience, religion, belief and opinion ..................................................................................................... <>10 33. Freedom of expression .............................................................................................................................................................. <>11 34. Freedom of the media ............................................................................................................................................................... <>11 35. Access to information ................................................................................................................................................................. <>12 36. Freedom of association ............................................................................................................................................................. <>12 37. Assembly, demonstration, picketing and petition ............................................................................................................ <>12 38. Political rights ............................................................................................................................................................................... <>12 39. Freedom of movement and residence ................................................................................................................................. <>12 40. Protection of right to property ............................................................................................................................................... <>13 41. Labour relations ............................................................................................................................................................................ <>13 42. Environment <>................................................................................................................................................................................... <>14 43. Economic and social rights ...................................................................................................................................................... <>14 44. Language and culture ................................................................................................................................................................ <>14 45. Family <>............................................................................................................................................................................................... <>14 46. Consumer rights ............................................................................................................................................................................ <>15 47. Fair administrative action ......................................................................................................................................................... <>15 48. Access to justice ........................................................................................................................................................................... <>15 49. Rights of arrested persons ....................................................................................................................................................... <>15 50. Fair hearing <>.................................................................................................................................................................................... <>16 51. Rights of persons detained, held in custody or imprisoned ........................................................................................ <>17 Part 3 – Specific application of rights ............................................................................................................................................... <>17

52. Interpretation of this Part ......................................................................................................................................................... <>17 53. Children <>............................................................................................................................................................................................ <>18 54. Persons with disabilities ........................................................................................................................................................... <>18 55. Youth ................................................................................................................................................................................................. <>18 56. Minorities and marginalised groups <>..................................................................................................................................... <>18 57. Older members of society ......................................................................................................................................................... <>19 Part 4 – State of emergency ................................................................................................................................................................. <>19 58. State of emergency ..................................................................................................................................................................... <>19 Part 5 – Kenya National Human Rights and Equality Commission ......................................................................................... <>20 59. Kenya National Human Rights and Equality Commission ............................................................................................ <>20 Chapter Five – LAND AND ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................................................................. <>21 Part 1 – Land ............................................................................................................................................................................................... <>2160. Principles of land policy ............................................................................................................................................................ <>21 61. Classification of land .................................................................................................................................................................. <>21 62. Public land ...................................................................................................................................................................................... <>21 63. Community land ........................................................................................................................................................................... <>22 64. Private land .................................................................................................................................................................................... <>23 65. Landholding by non-citizens ................................................................................................................................................... <>23 66. Regulation of land use and property ................................................................................................................................... <>23 67. National Land Commission ....................................................................................................................................................... <>23 68. Legislation on land ...................................................................................................................................................................... <>24 Part 2 – Environment and natural resources .................................................................................................................................. <>24 69. Obligations in respect of the environment ........................................................................................................................ <>24